Problem and Solution Essay: Film Violence and Society

Problems

Solutions

·         Violence in films may encourage ‘copycat’ behaviour as people re-enact crimes in real life. ·         Film violence may generate fear and negativity amongst people if they start to think the violence is a genuine reflection of the real world. ·         Violence in movies can desensitise people to the reality of violence. They may not understand the consequences of real violence.

·         Film classifications preventing people from viewing violent films should be strictly enforced. ·         Films with extremely violent content could be censored or banned. ·         Film-makers should be encouraged to make less violent films which people should be encouraged to watch. ·         Tax break could be offered to film producers who make less violent films. ·         Young people should be educated about the reality of the consequences of violence.

 

A paragraph plan:

Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic (in your own words)

Paragraph 2: Identify the main problems.

Paragraph 3: Suggest measures/action.

Paragraph 4: Conclusion: summarise the main points and opinions.

 

Some useful phrases:

The government should regulate the film industry.

Producers should be prevented from showing meaningless violence as fun.

Smoking is increasing among schoolchildren. To reverse this trend, schools should teach children about the health consequences. If schools do not take action soon, the health of the next generation will be damaged.

Governments The UN Parents The authorities

Must Have to Need to Could May be able to

Take action Find ways Take measures

To reduce this problem. To improve the situation. To stop this trend.

 

 

Management and Personal Finance Vocabulary

Financial Collocations

Negotiate a deal/contract/deadline

Hold a meeting

Take control

make a deal/agreement/arrangement

sign a contract/deal/agreement

chair a meeting

meet a deadline

reach a deal/agreement

recruit staff

manage a project

financial problems

(pay off) your debt

Become bankrupt

Cost, Income and Budget

Cost-cutting

Low-income families

Supplement your income

Annual budget

The cost of living (do not confuse with standard of living)

To cover the cost of +noun

Issues: Problems and Solutions Vocabulary

 

Issues

Unemployment

Genetically Modified (GM) food

Cloning

Global Financial/Economic Crisis

Obesity

Globalisation

Homelessness

Environmental disasters

Energy crisis

Climate change/Global Warming

 

 

Collocations

To experience minor difficulties

To overcome a major hurdle

A sensitive issue

To get out of a predicament

To present a significant challenge

To experience a minor setback

To cause considerable controversy

 

Collocations with ‘problem’

Adjectives: (all-)pervasive, ongoing,  recent, serious, personal, complex, insurmountable, daunting

Verbs: arise, think about, dwell on, be faced with, gain insight into, analyse, solve

 

Make better: alleviate, mitigate, rectify, improve

Make worse: exacerbate, hinder, compound, complicate, aggravate

 

	Problems	Expressions
1	obesity	Tackling this problem
2	climate change	To overcome the difficulties
3	homelessness	To remedy the situation
4	environmental disasters	to reach a compromise/ to prevent a catastrophe
5	genetically modified (GM) foods	To resolve this issue/ to follow (strict) guidelines

 

do	make	take
Your best More harm than good	a mistake an effort sure a change	stock measures notice of a chance part

Rural and Urban Life Vocabulary

Advantages of rural life	Disadvantages of rural life
·      Peace and tranquillity ·      Fresh air	·      Limited job opportunities ·      Travel long distances (to shops)
·      More freedom for children ·      a safe environment	·      easy to feel isolated ·      Less education choices

 
Some collocations:
concrete jungle, pedestrian crossing, traffic congestion, outer suburbs, housing estate, high-rise buildings, police force, emergency services, public transport, urban sprawl, recreational facilities, sewage system, water supply, garbage collection, noise/air pollution, inner-city slums, shanty town

Rural communities….

have open spaces, fresh air, cottages, (a) slow pace (of life), a sense of community, countryside

don’t have (extensive) infrastructure, pollution, high rises, a public transport system, overdevelopment, congestion

are isolated, peaceful, simple, tranquil, traditional, remote

aren’t overpopulated, crowded, frantic

Some corrected errors

 

1. Some fruits are  is unhealthy.
2. Planes allow to people to move to another countries.
3. The Technology is progressing a lot.
4. A good example of progress is the speed of some trains.
5. If you travel in the at night, you can travel in a safer more safety way/ more safely.
6. I don’t like eating meat of at all.
7. As a child I hated strawberries.
8. When you are an adult you are able to understand the mistakes know the fault you made in the past.
9. Knowing how to speak with everybody is important.
10. We must know what happened in the did past.
11. I would tell/recommend/suggest/advise say them to go to Shiraz and Esfahan.
12.  It’s central of our political and economical companies centre.
13. These are pros and cons of/to about this.
14. To raise up your child.
15. When you are young people you prefer to be happy have happiness.
16. You can mention Air pollution is one example that can be mentioned.

Some Collocations

Feel to blame for	Take control of	Have responsibility for	Lose control of	Be in charge of
Feel responsible for	Take the blame for	Have control over		Be entitled to
Feel entitled to	Take responsibility for	Have a responsibility to		Be to blame for
Feel in control of	Take charge of			Be the responsibility of
				Be responsible for
				Be in control of

Sentences using Organising Words

1. This issue needs to be considered when planning for the future.
2. This idea could have benefits both for people’s health and the education of doctors and nurses.
3. This prediction may seem surprising, but I believe costs will be reduced as technology becomes more widely available.
4. Initially, this may be a problem, but the changes will result in a more efficient health service.
5. The situation, however, is one that can be prepared for by setting money aside for the future.
6. Measures like this could lead to a significant improvement in the nation’s health.
7. Not surprisingly, this is a trend which is looked on favourably by some western doctors.
8. This is a matter that needs to be considered when planning for future spending.

Error Correction

Error Sentence: One of this is...	Answer: One of these is…
Error Sentence: Factories rose dramatically their production.	Answer: Factories increased/rose their production dramatically.
Error Sentence: Regarding to individuals…	Answer: Regarding individuals…
Error Sentence: The attitudes of the people.	Answer: These attitudes of people./ People’s attitudes.
Error Sentence: The numbers of transports.	Answer: The amount of transport.
Error Sentence: Several researches have showed.	Answer: A lot of research has shown.
Error Sentence: They have contributed to these phenomenon.	Answer: They have contributed to this phenomenon.
Error Sentence: There is a demand of energy.	Answer: There is a demand for energy.
Error Sentence: Changes that have taken places.	Answer: Changes that have taken place.
Error Sentence: Must be done massive investments.	Answer: Massive investment(s) must be made.
Error Sentence: The major problem as a climate change.	Answer: The major problem of climate change.
Error Sentence: The cause is used fossil fuels.	Answer: The cause is the use of fossil fuels.
Error Sentence: To solve this issue.	Answer: To solve this problem.
Error Sentence: Their impact into the planet.	Answer: Their impact on the planet.
Error Sentence: These are measures governments could to do.	Answer: These are measures governments could take.
Error Sentence: Damage in the environment.	Answer: Damage to the environment.
Error Sentence: To be affected for something.	Answer: To be affected by something.
Error Sentence: An issue that people are facing.	Answer: An issue that people are discussing.
Error Sentence: Emissions for cars and factories.	Answer: Emissions from cars and factories.
Error Sentence: These types of energy do not make any pollution.	Answer: These types of energy do not create/cause any pollution.
Error Sentence: Natural disasters to all over the world.	Answer: Natural disasters all over the world.
Error Sentence: Authorities and individuals need to treat this problem.	Answer: Authorities and individuals need to deal with/solve this problem.
Error Sentence: This can be an additionally revenue.	Answer: This can be an additional source of revenue.
Error Sentence: Only in this case solutions are able to be successful.	Answer: Only in this case can solutions be successful.
Error Sentence: Private as well as public houses.	Answer: Private as well as public buildings.
Error Sentence: Governments can set a limit for CO2 emission. .	Answer: Governments could set a limit for CO2 emissions.
Error Sentence: This is already suggest in the Kyoto agreement.	Answer: This is/was already suggested in the Kyoto agreement.